View source for Cog4. What neurological activity occurs during musical performance?

===<span style="color:fuchsia">'''Neurological activity''' and '''Musical Performance'''</span>===

====<span style="color:teal">'''Brain activity''' of '''classical musicians''' versus '''jazz musicians'''</span>==== 

* [http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.058 "Musical genre-dependent behavioural and EEG signatures of action planning: A comparison between classical and jazz pianists,"] <span style="color:blue">R. Biancoab, G. Novembrec, P. E. Keller's, A. Villringer, and D. Sammiera, ''NeuroImage'', Volume 169, Issue 1, April 2018, pp. 383-394.  http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.058 . </span>

<blockquote><span style="color:green">“'''Abstract:''' It is well established that '''musical training induces sensorimotor plasticity'''.  However, there are remarkable differences in how musicians train for proficient stage performance.  The present EEG study outlines for the first time '''clear-cut neurobiological differences between classical and jazz musicians''' at '''high and low levels of action planning''', revealing genre-specific cognitive strategies adopted in production.  Pianists imitated chord progressions without sound that were manipulated in terms of harmony and context length to assess high-level planning of sequence-structure, and in terms of the manner of playing to assess low-level parameter specification of single acts.  '''Jazz pianists revised incongruent harmonies faster''' as revealed by an earlier reprogramming negativity and beta power decrease, hence neutralising response costs, albeit '''at the expense of a higher number of manner errors'''.  '''Classical pianists''' in turn experienced '''more conflict during incongruent harmony''', as shown by theta power increase, but were '''more ready to implement the required manner of playing''', as indicated by higher accuracy and beta power decrease.  These findings demonstrate that '''specific demands''' and '''action focus of training''' lead to '''differential weighting''' of '''hierarchical action planning'''.  This suggests '''different enduring markers''' impressed in the brain when a musician practices one or the other style.”</span><ref>[http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.058 "Musical genre-dependent behavioural and EEG signatures of action planning: A comparison between classical and jazz pianists,"] <span style="color:blue">R. Biancoab, G. Novembrec, P. E. Keller's, A. Villringer, and D. Sammiera, ''NeuroImage'', Volume 169, Issue 1, April 2018, pp. 383-394.  http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.058 .</span></ref>  <span style="color:green">(bold not in original)</span>
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